The city that we call Prague today was first made the capitol of Bohemia when the Austrian Emperor Josef II ordered four small side-by-side towns built along the Vltava River to be united and ruled by one Magistrate in 1784.

During the Hussite Wars when the City of Prague was attacked by "Crusader" and mercenary forces, the city militia fought bravely under this banner. It was later captured by Swedish troops on their raid in 1649 and eventually placed in the Royal Military Museum in Stockholm; today it is simply called the "Prague Banner."

The future Czech capital grew up on both the right and left banks of the Vltava River between two castles named "Pražský hrad" (Prague Castle) and "Vyše hrad" (Higher Castle).

Josefov (Joseph's City) is the Jewish quarter in Prague today. It is named after the Austrian Emperor Josef II. It is a completely new city quarter constructed where the medieval "Jewish Town" was located. In 1262, King Premysl Otakar II (1230-1278), one of the greatest rulers of Bohemia, granted the medieval Jewish Town community a degree of self-administration.

Vyšehrad (Higher Castle) is where Prague's second royal castle was built designed to monitor access to the Prague Valley. It existed as early as the 10th Century as a fortress, but became a royal residence during the reign of King Vratislav I of Bohemia (1061-1092). A church consecrated to St. Peter and Saint Paul was also built on the hill at this time. Large-scale building work was undertaken in the reign of Charles IV, but the castle was attacked and destroyed by Hussite forces in 1420. The walls were torn down and the area basically added to that of neighboring New Town.

To the east from the historical Prague town center, the Town of Zižkov could be found. Zižkov was granted municipal status in 1881. It was named after the one-eyed Hussite leader and military commander, Jan Žižka, who defeated Emperor Sigismund on the hill called Vítkov (located between Zizkov and Karlin quarters today). Today, most of Zižkov lies in the municipal and administrative district of Prague 3. The quarter that bears Žižka's name was always considered as a borough with rough and dodgy inhabitants, and Zižkov is the Bohemian part of Prague with many artists living or performing there.

The name of Holešovice is first mentioned in historical records in 1228 as a royal property. It was a small farming hamlet that in the mid-19th century was gradually transformed into a Prague city suburb. Nearby Bubny was known for its fisheries. In 1884, Holešovice was merged with Bubny into a single Prague urban district. From the end of the 19th century Bubny was directly connected with Prague by a chain bridge and served mainly as a district of residential apartment blocks, while Holešovice concentrated more on building factories and became a peripheral industrial district.

Libín has been a town since 1898, but the first mention of Libín was in 1363. It became the eighth quarter of Prague in 1901. Among the attractions are Libín mansion, where a peace treaty was signed (also known as Libenský peace) between Rudolf II and his brother Matthew in 1608.

Although the history of the Vysocany settlement dates further back, one of the most significant turning points in the town's history was in 1896 when the Krizik's Electric Tramway was started connecting it and other communities with the rapidly growing Prague. Vysocany was granted municipal status in 1902. At that time, Vysocany had 4,000 residents and was building a new City Hall which is still an impressive structure today. When Great Prague was established in 1922, Vysocany was one of the 37 incorporated municipalities. It has become a part of Prague IX.

Karlín was founded in the beginning of 19th century (1817), originally as an independent municipality. The area was mainly covered by fields, meadows, vineyards, and a few buildings. One of the most important structures built before Karlín's official founding was the "Invalidovna," a large Baroque-style complex designed as a dormitory for war invalids (veterans) modeled after the French "hôtel des invalides." It was completed in 1737. Today, it serves as an army archive center.

The name Vinohrady means "vineyards." The area was covered with vineyards starting in the 14th century when Czech King Charles IV had them planted there, right around the time when he had New Town built. The vineyards lasted for some four hundred years and were later replaced by rose gardens, orchards, and residential buildings. An independent community of Vinohrady was established in 1849, encompassing the area of today's Vinohrady and Zižkov. The area was divided into Kralovske Vinohrady (Royal Vinohrady) and Zižkov in 1875. Kralovské Vinohrady received the status of a city in 1879.

The origin of Vršovice dates back to the dwellings in the valley of Botic, to the time when the first counts settled in Vyšehrad. The settlement included the Vyšehrad Abbey, and a fortress. The economic life of Vršovice moved around the fort for many centuries. During the rule of Charles IV the slopes of the Botic valley were turned into vineyards. However, during the 30 Years War much of the area was destroyed. In 1420, the village witnessed the defeat of King Zikmund when the troops of the Czech King George of Podebrady attacked Vyšehrad.

Nusle is located two kilometers south of the Prague City Center in Nuselské údolí (Nusle Valley) on the Botic. It is bordered by Vyšehrad to the west, the New Town and Vinohrady to the north and Vršovice to the east. The southern part of Nusle, on a plain above the valley, is known as Pankrác. Nusle became a district of Prague in 1922, but had been granted municipal status in 1898. Today, part of Nusle is in Prague 4 while the balance is in Prague 2.

This quarter was mentioned for the first time at the end of the 13th century in connection with the coronation of the Czech king Wenceslas II (1271-1305). Since the Middle Ages the prevailing part of this territory was occupied by vineyards, hop-fields, yards, fields and gardens belonging to the Church. Mills were built along the river.

Košíre used to be a village until the second half of the 19th century. Their development continued with a growing industry and need for accommodation for migrating workers. Košíre was granted municipal status in 1894. Between 1896 and 1921 it was a town. In 1922, it became part of Greater Prague.

The Brevnov Monastery is the oldest monastery in the Czech Republic. In 993 Prince Boleslav II and Bishop Vojtech established the abbey not far from the Prague Castle near the village of Brevnov for the order of the Benedictine monks. The Brevnov Monastery became an important political, cultural and economic center. The first monastery buildings were pillaged by the Hussites in 1420 and once again by Swedish troops during the Thirty Years' War. During the 16th and 17th centuries the church was repaired several times and a new convent was built. The monastery once again suffered war damage in the middle of the 18th century, and was later decimated by the reforms of Emperor Josef II and then, after the arrival of communism, the monastery was abolished.

Bubenec is located two kilometers north of the Prague City Center. The Sewage Plant in Bubenec is the oldest sewage treatment plant in Prague, designed by William Heerlein Lindley, and built between 1895-1906. In 1991, the whole building was declared a protected national monument. Bubenec was granted municipal status in 1904.

The history of Uhríneves goes back to the 13th century. Earliest records of it dates from 1227, when, under the name "Vgrinewez" it appears in the list of places. Another mention is in a document from 1228, when the property is registered as the Ugrín Monastery of St. George at Prague Castle. At that time it was named as Ugrín Village. It probably got its name after its founder Ugrím, who settled here and established a settlement. It also contains a Jewish cemetery, which was established in early 18th century, called Aurinowes. Headstones are still legible from as early as 1719.

Horní Pocernice was only granted municipal status in 1969. Modern "Upper Pocernice" emerged in 1943, connecting the communities of Chvaly, Svépravice, Certousy, Xaverov to the existing village of Horní Pocernice. In 1974, the Upper Pocernice was connected to Prague and incorporated into the municipal district of Prague 9, but they kept their own local national committee. In 1990, the territory was transformed into the city of Prague-Horní Pocernice. In 2002, it became part called of the new district of Prague 20.

The Town of Zbraslav was founded in 1118. Today, it is the "southernmost" district of Prague on the Vltava River in the national administrative district (správní obvod) of Prague 16. It entered into history during the reign of Wenceslas II, who, in the year 1297, held a magnificent coronation banquet there for, according to the chronicles of that time, 190,000 noble guests and their entourage. Wenceslas II built a cloister for monks of the Cistercian Order in Zbraslav called "Aula regia" which became the burial place for Bohemian kings. Unfortunately, this famous Gothic Cistercian Cloister was totally destroyed at the beginning of the Hussite Wars. Above Zbraslav, on the other bank of the Vltava River there is also evidence of an ancient Celtic Fortress, whose 170 hectares was surrounded by 9 km of complex ramparts.

The oldest written record of Modrany dates back to 1178, when Bohemian Duke Sobeslav II dedicated "the area at Modrany town on two ploughs with a vineyard" to the Vysehrad Abbey. The name of Modrany probably comes from blue color of grapes. Modrany has been an agricultural village for a long time. The sugar refinery, which is one of the oldest in Europe, was the first industrial factory.

Radotín has a long history. It was first mentioned in historic chronicles in 993 when the area was given to the monastery in Brevnov, which is today part of Prague 6. In 1153, it was referred to again, this time as an important river crossing on the road to the historic south Bohemian towns of Tabor and Pisek.

The first mention of Dubec dates back as early as 1088, during the reign of Prince Vratislav. The origin of the name of the village is derived from oak (dub in Czech). According to some sources there was a large oak forest found in the vicinity which produced a lumber indrustry. The name Dubecis a derivation from the word used for workers specializing in logging and processing timber, mostly oak. Dubec was a forestry settlement serving Prague. In 1502, during the reign of John Dubecského of Dubec, the village was promoted to a town by King Vladislav II Jagiello, King of Bohemia and Poland.